Abstract: Low-dose dexamethasone effectively prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting after ambulatory laparoscopic surgery

Authors:

Huang JC, Shieh JP, Tang CS, Tzeng JI, Chu KS, Wang JJ.

Institution:

Department of Medical Research, and Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan. Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

Source:

Can J Anaesth. 2001 Nov;48(10):973-7.

Abstract:

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prophylactic effect of low-dose dexamethasone (5 mg) on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in women undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic surgery. Metoclopramide and saline served as controls. METHODS: One hundred twenty women (n=40 in each of the three groups) undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic tubal ligation under general anesthesia were enrolled in this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. After tracheal intubation, group I received i.v. dexamethasone 5 mg, whereas groups II and III received i.v. metoclopramide 10 mg and saline, respectively. RESULTS: Patients in group I reported a lower incidence of PONV and requested less rescue antiemetics than those in group III during the first four postoperative hours (P <0.01). Patients in group I reported a lower incidence of PONV than those in groups II (P <0.05) and III (P <0.01) during the 24-hr postoperative period. Groups II and III did not differ from each other in the incidence of PONV and the proportion of patients who requested rescue antiemetics. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic iv dexamethasone 5 mg significantly reduces the incidence of PONV in women undergoing ambulatory laparoscopic tubal ligation. At this dose, dexamethasone is more effective than metoclopramide 10 mg or placebo.

Keywords:

Anaesthesia Gynaecology Surgery Complications PONV